Списък на древните градове в Тракия и Дакия

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Това е „Списък на древните градове в Тракия и Дакия“

Дакия[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

 Основна статия: Дава
Дакийски градове и крепости в Дакия по времето на Буребиста
Onomastic range of the Dacian towns with the dava ending, covering Dacia, Moesia, Thrace and Dalmatia

Тракийски[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Завършват с -bria („town, city“), -disza, -diza, -dizos, -para, -paron, -pera, -phara („град, село“).[3]

Градове[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Карта на Древна Тракия, 1585

Села[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Крепости[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Келтски[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Тилис и галската инвазия

Гърция[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Тракия, от Струма до Места[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Тракия, от Нестос до Хеброс[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Вътрешна Тракия[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Тракийски Херсонес[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Пропонтийска Тракия[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Западна Тракия и Дакия[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Други[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Римски[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Тракия и Дакия като римски провинции
Част от Tabula Peutingeriana със Западна Долна Мизия, Западна Дакия и Македония

Пеонийски[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Пеонийски градове и региони

Перси[редактиране | редактиране на кода]


Източници[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

  1. ↑ Ethnic continuity in the Carpatho-Danubian area by Elemér Illyés, 1988, ISBN 0-88033-146-1, page 223
  2. ↑ Five Roman emperors: Vespasian, Titus, Domitian, Nerva, Trajan, A.D. 69 – 117 – by Bernard William Henderson – 1969, page 278, At Thermidava he was warmly greeted by folk quite obviously Dacians
  3. ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, ISBN 0-521-22717-8, 1992, page 612: „According to Strabo (vii.6.1cf.st.Byz.446.15) the Thracian -bria word meant polis but it is an inaccurate translation.“
  4. ↑ „The Cambridge Ancient History 1992, page 612“
  5. ↑ The Thracians 700 BC-AD 46 by Christopher Webber, ISBN 1-84176-329-2, 2001, page 1, ...the city of Seuthopolis seems to be the only significant town in Thrace not built by Greeks...
  6. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 856, „A thracian settlement“
  7. ↑ A New Classical Dictionary Of Greek And Roman Biography, Mythology And Geography V2, 2006, ISBN 1-4286-4561-6, page 196, „Subzupara (now in Zarvi), a town in Thrace on the road from Phillipopolis to Hadrianopolis...“
  8. ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 1: The Prehistory of the Balkans, the Middle East and the Aegean World, Tenth to Eighth Centuries BC by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, N. G. L. Hammond, and E. Sollberger, 1982, page 876: ... proper and the southern Danube borderland, e.g. in Bessapara, Keipenapa, Tranupara; of -dita 'fortified town', found only in Thracia proper; ...
  9. ↑ A History of the Byzantine State and Society by Warren Treadgold, 1997, page 419: ...Internal Reforms, 780 – 842 419 army, refounding Thracian Beroea under the name of Irenopolis, and reaching Philippopolis...
  10. ↑ Ливий: History of Rome, VII, Books 26 – 27 (Loeb Classical Library No. 367) by Livy and Frank Gardner Moore, 1943, page 96: ... waste the country and to besiege the city of Iamphorynna, the capital and citadel of Maedica...
  11. ↑ The History of Rome, Volume 4 от Теодор Момзен, 2009, стр. 53: ... побеждава бесите в планините им, превзема столицата им Ускудама (Адрианопол) и ги принуждава да се подчинят на римляните.
  12. ↑ Bulgaria Nagel's encyclopedia-guide by Charles Jacques Veyrenc, page 413, History in the 3rd century BC. „The Celts established on the site now occupied by Vidin a fortress to which they gave the name of Dunonia, 'fortified hill.'“
  13. ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 3, Part 2: The Assyrian and Babylonian Empires and Other States of the Near East, from the Eighth to the Sixth Centuries BC, by John Boardman, I. E. S. Edwards, E. Sollberger, and N. G. L. Hammond, ISBN 0-521-22717-8, 1992, page 600: „In the place of the vanished Treres and Tilataei we find the Serdi for whom there is no evidence before the first century BC. It has for long being supposed on convincing linguistic and archeological grounds that this tribe was of Celtic origin.“
  14. ↑ Celts and the Classical World, by David Rankin, ISBN 0-415-15090-6, 1996, page 188: ... of the survivors of Brenus expedition the Scordisci founded Singidunum in Yugoslavia
  15. ↑ The Oxford Classical Dictionary by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth, 2003, page 429: ... Roman fleets, the Pannonian based on the upper course at Taurunum above Belgrade and the Moesian on the lower at Noviodunum ...
  16. ↑ The central Balkan tribes in pre-Roman times: Triballi, Autariatae, Dardanians, Scordisci and Moesians by Fanula Papazoglu, ISBN 90-256-0793-4, 1978: „Boii are connected with Taurunum, or Bononia...“
  17. ↑ Kontakte längs der Bernsteinstrasse: (zwischen Caput Adriae und den ..., by Zenon Woźniak, Muzeum Archeologiczne w Krakowie, 1996, page 29: ...Taurunum (present-day Zemun), where a long-settled Scordisci community buried their dead in the cemetery at Karaburma...
  18. ↑ Полибий, History, IV.46.
  19. ↑ а б в г д An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 856
  20. ↑ а б в г д е ж з и к л м н о п р с т у ф х ц ч ш щ ю я аа аб An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, Index
  21. ↑ а б An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 855: „The Thasians... they founded Krenides and Daton“
  22. ↑ Hatzfeld, Jean. History of Ancient Greece (trans. by Andre Aymard, 1968, W.W. Norton & Co., New York), p. 34 – 35.
  23. ↑ а б An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 782, „The Thasians are said to have colonised the Hedonian city of Myrkinos, Galepsos and Oisyme...“
  24. ↑ а б в г д An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 857
  25. ↑ Readings in Greek History: Sources and Interpretations by D. Brendan Nagle and Stanley M. Burstein, 2006, page 232: A GREEK TRADING POST IN THRACE"... Maronea, Apollonia, and Thasos living in the trading post of Pistiros."
  26. ↑ The Histories, by Herodotus, Carolyn Dewald, and Robin Waterfield, 2008, page 442: ... bed of the Lisus, Xerxes passed the Greek towns of Maronea, Dicaea, and Abdera. His route also took him past a...
  27. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 870: „Colonists from Mytilene and Kyme founded Ainos“
  28. ↑ а б The Histories by Herodotus, Carolyn Dewald, and Robin Waterfield, 2008, page 442: ... bed of the Lisus, Xerxes passed the Greek towns of Maronea, Dicaea, and Abdera. His route also took him past a ...
  29. ↑ Back Matter: ... sites identified solely by coins' location site Thessaly, Atrax, Kieron, Larissa, Thrace, Ainos, Bizye, Byzantium, Deultum, Maroneia, Mesembra, Pantalia...
  30. ↑ Hammond Concise Atlas of World History by Geoffrey Barraclough, 2001, Index, „Mesembria/Greek Colony“
  31. ↑ The Histories, by Herodotus, John M. Marincola, and Aubery de Selincourt, 2003, page 451: ... most westerly of which is Mesembria; the next place is Stryme, a town belonging to the Thasians. ...
  32. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 892
  33. ↑ Women and slaves in Greco-Roman culture: differential equations, by Sandra Rae Joshel, Sheila Murnaghan, 1998, page 214: „Philip II founded cities at Beroe, Kabyle, and Philippopolis in 342/1, and Aegean-style urban life began to penetrate Thrace.“
  34. ↑ Late Roman villas in the Danube-Balkan region, by Lynda Mulvin, 2002, page 19: „Other roads went through Beroe (founded by Philip II of Macedon)“
  35. ↑ Philip of Macedon, by Louïza D. Loukopoulou, 1980, page 98: „Upriver in the valley between the Rhodope and Haimos Philip founded Beroe (Стара Загора) and Philippolis (Пловдив). Велков, 1977, p. 128., in 342 BC
  36. ↑ From Mycenae to Constantinople: Major Cities of the Greek and Roman World, by Richa Tomlinson, 1992, page 8: ...this means, a Macedonian city established in a non-Macedonian area (Philippopolis in Thrace, for example) becomes a means of establishing a...
  37. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 895: „The emporion of Pistiros was a was an inland trading station originally founded by merchants coming from the polis of Pistiros a dependancy of Thasos situated piston the Thracian coast“
  38. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 903: „Aigos potamoi is called a deserted polichne by Strabo and a polis by Steph.Byz.“
  39. ↑ а б An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 636: „In the archaic period Athens colonised Sigeion, Elaious, Chersonesus, Paktye, Sestus, Kardia...“
  40. ↑ The Penguin Historical atlas of Ancient Greece by Robert Morkot, page 48
  41. ↑ Texas edu Colonies and Metropoleis // Архивиран от оригинала на 2012-01-25. Посетен на 2011-09-22.
  42. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 910: „Sestos was colonised by Lesbians“
  43. ↑ Ancient Greek Colonies in the Black Sea 2, Dēmētrios V. Grammenos, ISBN 1-4073-0110-1, 2007, page 1182
  44. ↑ Велков, 1977, p. 124.
  45. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 914: „Bisanthe was a colony founded by the Samians“
  46. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 918
  47. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 913
  48. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 919: „Heraion Teichos was a colony of Samos“
  49. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 465: „Megara was principal or sole founder of...Kalchedo...Selymbria...Byzantion...Astakos...Herakleia pontike and possible Olbia...“
  50. ↑ a town near Perinthus, Xerxes' commissariat there: Hdt. 7.25
  51. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 912: „The European coast of Propontis was settled by Megarians and Samians.By 480 four colonies are recorded; viz from the east to the west, Megarian Byzantion and Selymbria and Samian Perinthos and Bisanthe along with two smaller and presumbaly dependant settlements, Tyrodiza and Heraion.“
  52. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation, by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 934: „Kallatis was colonized by Herakleia“
  53. ↑ Demosthenes, Speeches 1 – 10, On the Chersonese, 8.44: „For no man is so simple as to believe that though Philip covets these wretched objects in Thrace--for what else can one call Drongilus and Cabyle and Mastira and the other places that he is now occupying and equipping?--and though he endures toil and winter storms and deadly peril for the privilege of taking them“
  54. ↑ A Companion to Archaic Greece, by Kurt A. Raaflaub and Hans van Wees, 2009, page 337: ... On the western shore, Odessos was founded by the Milesians, and the expansion of existing Greek cities in the western ...
  55. ↑ Katičic', Radoslav. Ancient Languages of the Balkans, Part One. Paris: Mouton, 1976: 147
  56. ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History, Volume 6: The Fourth Century BC, by D. M. Lewis, page 469: „Philip's new foundation at Heracle Sintica“
  57. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 913, „Identified with the Roman Mutatio Bedizo, halfway between Rhaidestos and Apros“
  58. ↑ Rethinking Roman history, by J. P. Toneris, ISBN 0-906672-49-X, 2002: ...only one of the Roman sites explored in this award-winning travel book which touches Roman Sofia and Plovdiv and Vidin (Roman Dunonia)...
  59. ↑ The Cambridge Ancient History Volume 3, Part 3: The Expansion of the Greek World, Eighth to Sixth Centuries BC, by John Boardman and N. G. L. Hammond, 1982, page 278:"...Paeonian kings, as we know from later writings, was at Astibus, from which Stip is derived, but a royal cemetery of...
  60. ↑ Branigan, Keith. Lexicon of the Greek and Roman cities and place names in antiquity, ca. 1500. Adolf M. Hakkert. ISBN 90-256-0985-6, 1992. Text says: „Unlocated town in Macedonia, also called Astraion, mentioned by Ptolemy and Pliny...“
  61. ↑ The Illyrians (The Peoples of Europe), by John Wilkes, 1996, page 18: ... mountains to join the Vardar below Titov Veles near the ancient Paeonian capital of Stobi (Gradsko). Though marshy in some areas this plain...
  62. ↑ Rome's Mediterranean Empire Book 41 – 45 and the Periochae (Oxford World's Classics) (Books 41 – 45), by Livy and Jane D. Chaplin, 2007, page 143: ...to order the Gallic band to move their camp to Bylazora, a place in Paeonia, while the leaders were to gather together and come to...
  63. ↑ The Greek Wars: The Failure of Persia, by George Cawkwell, 2006, page 58: ... 'The lands beyond the sea' Persian city, Boryza' on the Black Sea coast (FGH t Fí66) but that ...
  64. ↑ An Inventory of Archaic and Classical Poleis: An Investigation Conducted by The Copenhagen Polis Centre for the Danish National Research Foundation by Mogens Herman Hansen, 2005, page 891, „Note that the only one which is explicitly called a polis by Hekataios is Boryza (fr.166) and here we learn that it is a polis inhabited by Persians i.e not by Greeks or Thracians.“

Литература[редактиране | редактиране на кода]

Диакум на Карта на Гърция от Абрахам Ортелий (1542 - 1598), Rijksmuseum
  • Grumeza, Ion. Dacia: Land of Transylvania, Cornerstone of Ancient Eastern Europe. Hamilton Books, 2009. ISBN 0-7618-4465-1. The shores of the Danube were well monitored from the Dacian fortresses Acidava, Buricodava, Dausadava (the shrine of the wolves), Diacum, Drobeta (Turnu Severin), Nentivava (Olteniţa), Suvidava (Corabia), Tsirista, Tierna/Dierna (Orsova) and what is today Zimnicea. Downstream were also other fortresses: Axiopolis (Cernadova), Barbosi, Buteridava, Capidava(Topalu), Carsium(Harsova), Durostorum(Silistra), Sacidava/Sagadava (Dunareni) along with still others...
  • Olteanu, Sorin. Linguae Thraco-Daco-Moesorum – Toponyms Section. // Linguae Thraco-Daco-Moesorum. Посетен на 8 декември 2010.
  • Schütte, Gudmund. Ptolemy's maps of northern Europe: a reconstruction of the prototypes. Copenhagen, H. Hagerup, 1917.
  • Northeastern European Iron Age. Springer Published in conjunction with the Human Relations Area Files, 2001.
  • Velkov, Velizar Iv. The cities in Thrace and Dacia in late antiquity: (studies and materials). Hakkert, 1977. ISBN 90-256-0723-3.

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