Списък на темите в Анатомията на Грей: IX. Неврология

Темите (183-220) по-долу са покрити в глава IX^-та: Неврология от Анатомията на Грей (версия от 1918 г.)

Structure of the nervous system (Тема 183)

Страница 721

• nerve fibers
• gray substance и white substance

Страница 722

• невроглия
• нервни клетки
  • Unipolar cells
  • Bipolar cells
  • Multipolar cells
    • Pyramidal cell

Страница 723

• нервни клетки
  • axis-cylinder process или аксон
  • protoplasmic processes или дендрити
  • cyton
  • Nissl's granules

Страница 724

• Nerve cells
  • cone of origin
• Nerve fibers
• medullated fibers или white fibers

Страница 725

• medullated fibers или white fibers
  • white substance of Schwann или medullary sheath
  • neurolemma, primitive sheath, или nucleated sheath of Schwann
  • axis-cylinder
  • primitive fibrillae of Schultze
  • neurokeratin

Страница 726

• medullated fibers или white fibers
  • medullary sheath, или white matter of Schwann

Страница 727

• medullated fibers или white fibers
  • прищъпване на Ранвие
  • internodal segment
  • Ranvier's crosses
  • Frommann's lines
  • medullary segments, или segments of Lantermann
  • neurolemma или primitive sheath
• Wallerian degeneration

Страница 728

• Non-medullated Fibers
• Gray or gelatinous nerve fibers (fibers of Remak)
• Structure of the Peripheral nerves and Ganglia
  • cerebrospinal nerves
  • funiculus
  • fasciculi
  • epineurium
  • perineurium
  • endoneurium
  • vasomotor fibers
  • spheroidal tactile corpuscles или end bulbs of Krause
  • nervi nervorum
  • plexus

Страница 729

• Structure of the Peripheral nerves и Ganglia
  • sympathetic nerves
  • sensory nerves, или centripetal nerves или afferent nerves
  • centrifugal nerves или efferent nerves
• Origins and Terminations of Nerves

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• origins или central terminations; и peripheral terminations
  • Origins of nerves
    • superficial origin или apparent origin
    • deep origin или real origin
  • Peripheral terminations of nerves
• Motor nerves
  • motor end-plate
• Ганглии

Страница 732

• Neuron theory
  • неврон
  • синапс или synaptic membrane
• Fasciculi, трактове или fiber systems

Development of the nervous system (Тема 184)

Гръбначен стълб

Страница 733

• Гръбначен стълб
• Roof-plate of medulla spinalis
• Floor-plate of medulla spinalis
• layers
  • Ependymal layer
  • Marginal layer
  • Mantle layer
• Spongioblasts
• germinal cells
• Neuroblasts

Страница 735

• Dorsal lamina (Alar lamina)
• Ventral lamina (Basal lamina)
• Terminal ventricle
• Oval bundle
• filum terminale

spinal nerves

Страница 735

• spinal nerves

Страница 736

• ganglion ridge (neural crest)
• spinal nerve

Brain

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• Brain

Страница 737

• ventral cephalic flexure
• cervical flexure
• pontine flexure

Hind-brain or Rhombencephalon

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• Hind-brain
• isthmus rhombencephali
• Metencephalon
• Myelencephalon

Страница 739

• medulla oblongata
• tractus solitarius
• oval bundle
• rhombic lip

Страница 740

• Rhombic grooves
• Мост: development of:
• Малък мозък: development of:
• Fissura prima (cerebellum)
• Fissura secunda (cerebellum)

Страница 741

• Floccular fissure
• post-nodular fissure
• incisura fastigii

Среден мозък

Страница 741

• Среден мозък

Prosencephalon

Страница 741

• Prosencephalon

Страница 742

• optic vesicles
• optic stalks
• lamina terminalis
• telencephalon

Diencephalon

Страница 742

• Diencephalon
• thalamus

Страница 743

• metathalamus
• epithalamus
• posterior commissure
• Pineal recess (recessus pinealis)
• pars mamillaris hypothalami

Telencephalon

Страница 743

• Telencephalon

Страница 744

• pars optica hypothalami
• cerebral hemispheres
• rhinencephalon
  • Neopallium
  • external rhinal fissure

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• corpus striatum
  • caudate nucleus
  • lentiform nucleus
• neopallium
  • lateral ventricle
• falx cerebri

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• hippocampal fissure
• hippocampus
• Commissures
  • Hippocampal commissure

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• Commissures
  • corpus callosum
  • fornix
  • anterior commissures
    • septum pellucidum

Fissures and Sulci

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• central sulcus
• intraparietal sulcus
• cingulate sulcus
• lateral cerebral sulcus (Sylvian fissure)
• Sylvian fossa

Страница 748

• Development of cranial nerves
• tractus solitarius
• oval bundle

The spinal cord or medulla spinalis (Тема 185)

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• medulla spinalis or spinal cord
• conus medullaris
• filum terminale
• dura mater
• epidural cavity
• subdural cavity
• arachnoid

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• subarachnoid cavity
• pia mater
• ligamentum denticulatum
• spinal ganglion
• spinal segments (Neuromeres)
• cauda equina
• filum terminale
  • filum terminale internum
  • filum terminale externum

Страница 751

• Enlargements of medulla spinalis

Страница 752

• Enlargements of medulla spinalis
  • cervical enlargement
  • lumbar enlargement

Fissures and Sulci

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• Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior)
• Posterior median sulcus (sulcus medianus posterior)
• posterolateral sulcus
• posterior funiculus
• postero-intermediate sulcus
  • fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll)
  • fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach)

Страница 753

• antero-lateral region
• anterior funiculus
• lateral funiculus
• Internal Structure of the Medulla spinalis

Gray substance

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• Gray substance (substantia grisea centralis)
• central canal
• Anterior column (columna anterior; anterior cornu)
  • lateral column (columna lateralis; lateral cornu)
• Posterior column (columna posterior; posterior cornu)
  • tract of Lissauer
  • substantia gelatinosa of Rolando

Страница 754

• Posterior column (columna posterior; posterior cornu)
  • formatio reticularis
• Central canal (canalis centralis)
  • anterior gray commissure
  • posterior gray commissure
  • terminal ventricle
• substantia gelatinosa centralis

Страница 755

• association neurons or intersegmental neurons
• crossed commissural fibers

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• Nerve cells in the Anterior column
  • antero-medial column

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• Nerve cells in the Anterior column
  • dorso-medial column
• Nerve cells in the Lateral column
  • lateral nucleus

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• Nerve cells in the Lateral column
  • preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic system
• Nerve cells in the Posterior column
  • dorsal nucleus (nucleus dorsalis; column of Clarke)
  • cervical nucleus
  • sacral nucleus
  • dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (direct cerebellar)
  • nerve cells in the substantia gelatinosa of Rolando
  • Solitary cells
  • posterior basal column

White substance

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• White substance (substantia alba)

Страница 759

• Nerve fasciculi
  • Wallerian degeneration
  • descending degeneration
  • ascending degeneration
• Fasciculi in the anterior funiculus
  • Descending fasciculi
    • anterior cerebrospinal (fasciculus cerebrospinalis anterior; direct pyramidal tract)

Страница 760

• Fasciculi in the anterior funiculus
  • Descending fasciculi
    • vestibulospinal fasciculus
    • tectospinal fasciculus
  • Ascending fasciculi
    • ventral spinothalamic fasciculus
    • anterior proper fasciculus (fasciculus anterior proprius; anterior basis bundle)
• Fasciculi in the lateral funiculus
  • Descending fasciculi
    • lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus (fasciculus cerebrospinalis lateralis; crossed pyramidal tract)

Страница 761

• Fasciculi in the lateral funiculus
  • Descending fasciculi
    • rubrospinal fasciculus (Monakow) (prepyramidal tract)
    • olivospinal fasciculus (Helweg)
  • Ascending fasciculi
    • dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (fasciculus cerebellospinalis; direct cerebellar tract of Flechsig)
    • superficial antero-lateral fasciculus (tract of Gowers)
    • ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus (Gowers)

Страница 762

• Fasciculi in the lateral funiculus
  • Ascending fasciculi
    • lateral spinothalamic fasciculus
    • secondary sensory fasciculus or spinal lemniscus
    • spinotectal fasciculus (spino-quadrigeminal system of Mott)
    • fasciculus of Lissauer
    • lateral proper fasciculus (fasciculus lateralis proprius; lateral basis bundle)
    • medial longitudinal fasciculus
• Fasciculi in the Posterior funiculus
  • fasciculus gracilis (tract of Goll)

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• Fasciculi in the Posterior funiculus
  • fasciculus cuneatus (tract of Burdach)

Страница 764

• Fasciculi in the Posterior funiculus
  • Posterior proper fasciculus (Posterior ground bundle, Posterior basis bundle)
• descending fibers occupy different parts at different levels
  • Comma-shaped fasciculus
  • Dorsal peripheral band
  • Oval area of Flechsig
  • triangular strand
• Roots of spinal nerves

The brain or encephalon (Тема 186)

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• Brain (Encephalon)
  • Brain: divisions of:
  • Cerebral aqueduct (Aqueduct of Sylvius)

The hind-brain or rhombencephalon (Тема 187)

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• tentorium cerebelli
• myelencephalon
• metencephalon
• isthmus rhombencephali

Myelencephalon

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• Medulla oblongata (spinal bulb)
• Anterior median fissure (fissura mediana anterior; ventral or ventromedian fissure)
  • foramen cecum
  • pyramidal decussation
  • anterior external arcuate fibers
• Posterior median fissure (fissura mediana posterior; dorsal or dorsomedian fissure)

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• antero-lateral sulcus
• postero-lateral sulcus

Myelencephalon: anterior district of medulla oblongata

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• pyramid of medulla oblongata (pyramis medullæ oblongatæ)
• pyramidal decussation

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• medial longitudinal fasciculus

Myelencephalon: lateral district

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• olive (oliva; olivary body)

Myelencephalon: posterior district of medulla oblongata – lower part

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• fasciculus gracilis
• fasciculus cuneatus
• clava
• nucleus gracilis
• cuneate tubercle
• nucleus cuneatus

Страница 775

• tubercle of Rolando (tuber cinereum)

Myelencephalon: posterior district of medulla oblongata – upper part

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• inferior peduncle
• restiform bodies
• striæ medullares

Myelencephalon: Cerebrospinal fasciculi

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• nucleus ambiguus

Страница 776

• fasciculus gracilis
• fasciculus cuneatus

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• medial nucleus
• lateral nucleus
• lemniscus (fillet)
• decussation of the lemniscus (sensory decussation)

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• locus cæruleus
• dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus (fasciculus cerebellospinalis; direct cerebellar tract)
• proper fasciculi (basis bundles)

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• medial longitudinal fasciculus

Myelencephalon: Gray Substance of the Medulla oblongata

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• hypoglossal nucleus
  • trigonum hypoglossi
• nucleus ambiguus

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• dorsal nucleus
  • sensory nucleus

Страница 781

• dorsal nucleus
  • ala cinerea (trigonum vagi)
• nucleus of the cochlear nerve and nucleus of the vestibular nerve
• olivary nuclei
  • inferior olivary nucleus
  • hilum
  • peduncle of the olive
  • olivocerebellar fibers
  • medial accessory olivary nucleus

Страница 782

• olivary nuclei
  • dorsal accessory olivary nucleus

Myelencephalon: Inferior peduncle (restiform body)

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• dorsal spinocerebellar fasciculus
• olivocerebellar fibers
• Internal arcuate fibers
• anterior external arcuate fibers
  • nucleus arcuatus

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• posterior external arcuate fibers

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• terminal sensory nuclei
• ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus
• cerebellum

Myelencephalon: Formatio reticularis

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• reticularis alba
• reticularis grisea
• inferior central nucleus (nucleus of Roller)
• nucleus lateralis
• lemniscus
• medial longitudinal fasciculus

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• fasciculus solitarius

Metencephalon - pons

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• Pons (pons Varoli)
• tænia pontis
• anterior surface (pars basilaris pontis)
  • middle peduncle
  • sulcus basilaris
• posterior surface (pars dorsalis pontis)
• basilar part of the pons
  • superficial transverse fibers (fibræ pontis superficiales)
  • deep transverse fibers (fibræ pontis profundæ)
  • longitudinal fasciculi (fasciculi longitudinales)

Страница 786

• basilar part of the pons
  • nuclei pontis
• Tegmental part of pons

Страница 787

• Tegmental part of pons
  • trapezoid body
  • trapezoid nucleus
  • medial longitudinal fasciculus
  • pontine nuclei
    • superior olivary nucleus (nucleus olivaris superior)
    • nuclei of the trigeminal nerve (nuclei n. trigemini)
      • motor nucleus
      • mesencephalic root
      • sensory nucleus
    • nucleus of the abducent nerve (nucleus n. abducentis)
    • nucleus of the facial nerve (nucleus n. fascialis)
      • colliculus facialis

Страница 788

• Tegmental part of pons
  • pontine nuclei
    • nucleus of the cochlear nerve
      • lateral cochlear nucleus
      • accessory cochlear nucleus
    • nuclei of the vestibular nerve
      • chief vestibular nucleus
      • spinal vestibular nucleus
      • nucleus of Deiters
      • nucleus of Bechterew
  • medial nucleus
  • area acustica
  • lateral nucleus

Metencephalon - cerebellum

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• Cerebellum
• Lobes of the Cerebellum
  • vermis
  • vallecula cerebelli
  • superior vermis
  • inferior vermis
  • posterior cerebellar notch
  • anterior cerebellar notch

Страница 789

• horizontal sulcus
• upper surface of the cerebellum
• lingula (lingula cerebelli)
• Lobulus Centralis and Alæ (wing)
  • lobulus centralis
  • precentral fissure
  • ala lobuli centralis
• Monticulus and Quadrangular lobules
  • monticulus
  • postcentral fissure
  • quadrangular lobule
  • preclival fissure

Страница 790

• Monticulus and Quadrangular lobules
  • culmen
  • clivus
  • lobus culminis
  • lobus clivi
• Folium vermis and Superior semilunar lobule
  • folium vermis (folium cacuminis; cacuminal lobe)
  • superior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris superior; postero-superior lobules)
  • horizontal sulcus
  • lobus semilunaris
• under surface of the cerebellum
  • inferior vermis
  • sulcus valleculæ
  • nodule
  • uvula
  • pyramid
  • tuber vermis
  • flocculus
  • tonsilla cerebelli
  • biventral lobule
  • inferior semilunar lobule
  • postnodular fissure
  • prepyramidal fissure
  • postpyramidal fissure
• Nodule and Flocculus
  • nodule (nodulus vermis; nodular lobe)

Страница 791

• Nodule and Flocculus
  • posterior medullary velum
  • flocculus
  • lobus noduli
• Uvula and Tonsilla
  • uvula (uvula vermis; uvular lobe)
  • sulcus valleculæ
  • furrowed band
  • tonsilla (tonsilla cerebelli; amygdaline nucleus)
  • bird's nest (nidus avis)
  • lobus uvulæ
• lobus pyramidis
  • biventral lobule
• Tuber vermis (tuber valvulæ)
• Inferior semilunar lobule (lobulus semilunaris inferior; postero-superior lobule)
• lobus tuberus (tuberæ lobe)
• White substance
  • dentate nucleus
  • arbor vitæ
• projection fibers

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• projection fibers
  • superior cerebellar peduncles (brachia conjunctiva)

Страница 793

• projection fibers
  • ventral spinocerebellar fasciculus
  • middle cerebellar peduncles (brachia pontis)
  • superior fasciculus
  • inferior fasciculus
  • deep fasciculus
  • inferior cerebellar peduncles (restiform bodies)
  • anterior medullary velum (velum medullare anterius; valve of Vieussens; superior medullary velum)

Страница 794

• projection fibers
  • posterior medullary velum (velum medullare posterius; inferior medullary velum)
• Fibrae propriae
  • commissural fibers
  • arcuate fibers (association fibers)
• Gray substance
  • gray substance of the cortex
• Microscopic Appearance of the Cortex
  • cells of Purkinje
  • external gray layer
  • basket cells

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• Microscopic Appearance of the Cortex
  • internal rust-colored layer (nuclear layer)

Страница 796

• Microscopic Appearance of the Cortex
  • moss fibers
  • tendril fibers
  • independent centers of gray substance
    • nucleus dentatus
    • nucleus emboliformis
    • nucleus globosus
    • nucleus fastigii

Fourth ventricle

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• Fourth ventricle (ventriculus quartus)
• Roof or Dorsal Wall
  • superior peduncle
  • anterior medullary velum
  • posterior medullary velum
  • taeniae of the fourth ventricle (ligulae)
  • obex
  • epithelial lining of the ventricle
  • tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle
  • taeniae of the fourth ventricle (taenia ventriculi quarti; ligula)

Страница 798

• Roof or Dorsal Wall
  • Cornucopia of Bochdalek
  • obex
  • tela chorioidea of the fourth ventricle
• Choroid plexuses
• Openings in the Roof
  • medial aperture (foramen Majendii)
  • lateral apertures (foramina of Luschka)
• Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea; "floor" of the fourth ventricle)

Страница 799

• Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea; "floor" of the fourth ventricle)
  • calamus scriptorius
  • median sulcus
  • medial eminence
  • sulcus limitans
  • colliculus facialis
  • trigonum hypoglossi
  • nucleus intercalatus
  • sulcus limitans

Страница 800

• Rhomboid fossa (fossa rhomboidea; "floor" of the fourth ventricle)
  • locus cæruleus
  • substantia ferruginea
  • superior fovea
  • inferior fovea
  • area acustica
  • tuberculum acusticum
  • striae medullares
  • ala cinerea
  • funiculus separans
  • area postrema

The mid-brain or mesencephalon (Тема 188)

Cerebral peduncles

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• cerebral peduncles (pedunculus cerebri; crus cerebri)
  • interpeduncular fossa
  • posterior perforated substance
  • interpeduncular ganglion

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• cerebral peduncles
  • Oculomotor sulcus
  • lateral sulcus

Страница 802

• base (basis pedunculi; crusta or pes)
  • cerebrospinal fibers
  • frontopontine fibers
  • temporopontine fibers
• substantia nigra (intercalatum)
• tegmentum
• gray substance
• red nucleus
• interpeduncular ganglion

Страница 803

• white substance
• medial longitudinal fasciculus
  • Deiters's nucleus (lateral vestibular nucleus)
  • vestibulospinal fasciculus
• ventral longitudinal bundle
  • tectospinal fasciculus
• medial lemniscus

Страница 804

• central tract of the cranial nerves

Страница 805

• thalamic tract of the cranial nerves
• central tract of the trigeminal nerve
• rubrospinal tract (bundle of Monakow)
• lateral lemniscus (lemniscus lateralis)

Corpora quadrigemina

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• corpora quadrigemina
• pulvinar
• pineal body
• frenulum veli
• brachium
  • superior brachium

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• brachium
  • lateral geniculate body
  • inferior brachium
  • medial geniculate body
• inferior colliculus (colliculus inferior; inferior quadrigeminal body; postgemina)
• superior colliculus (colliculus superior; superior quadrigeminal body; pregemina)
  • stratum zonale
  • stratum cinereum
  • stratum opticum
  • stratum lemnisci
  • gray-white layers
  • fountain decussation of Meynert

Cerebral aqueduct

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• cerebral aqueduct (aqueductus cerebri; aqueduct of Sylvius)
• ventricle of the mid-brain
• central gray stratum

Страница 807

• nucleus of the trigeminal nerve
• nucleus of the oculomotor nerve
• nucleus of the trochlear nerve

The fore-brain or prosencephalon (Тема 189)

Diencephalon/Thalamencephalon

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• Diencephalon

Страница 808

• Thalamencephalon

Diencephalon/Thalamencephalon - Thalamus

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• Thalami (optic thalamus)
• extremities
  • anterior extremity
  • posterior extremity
    • Pulvinar
    • lateral geniculate body
    • medial geniculate body
• superior surface
  • stratum zonale
  • stria terminalis

Страница 809

• superior surface
  • taenia thalami
  • sulcus habenulae
  • Trigonum habenulæ
• inferior surface
  • subthalamic tegmental region
  • substantia innominata of Meynert
• medial surface
  • massa intermedia (middle commissure or gray commissure of brain)
• lateral surface

Страница 810

• structure of thalamus
  • stratum zonale
  • lateral medullary lamina
  • medial medullary lamina
• connectionsШаблон:Disambiguation needed of thalamus
  • thalamomammillary fasciculus (bundle of Vicq d’Azyr)

Страница 811

• Thalami: stalks of
  • anterior stalk
  • posterior stalk
  • inferior stalk
  • parietal stalk

Diencephalon/Thalamencephalon - Metathalamus

Страница 811

• Metathalamus
• geniculate bodies
• medial geniculate body (corpus geniculatum mediale; internal geniculate body; postgeniculatum)
• lateral geniculate body (corpus geniculatum laterale; external geniculate body; pregeniculatum)

Страница 812

• Metathalamus
  • lower visual centers

Diencephalon/Thalamencephalon - Epithalamus

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• Epithalamus (see also Habenula and Habenular nuclei)
  • trigonum habenulæ
    • ganglion habenulæ
    • habenular commissure
    • fasciculus retroflexus
  • pineal body (corpus pineale; epiphysis)
    • stalk of the pineal body
  • posterior commissure
    • nucleus of the posterior commissure (nucleus of Darkschewitsch)

Diencephalon/Thalamencephalon - Hypothalamus

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• Hypothalamus
• subthalamic tegmental region
  • stratum dorsale
  • zona incerta
  • corpus subthalamicum (nucleus of Luys)

Страница 813

• greater part of the floor of the third ventricle
  • corpora mammillaria (corpus albicantia)
    • thalamomammillary fasciculus (bundle of Vicq d'Azyr)
  • tuber cinereum
    • lamina terminalis
    • infundibulum
  • basal optic nucleus of Meynert
    • eminentia saccularis

Страница 814

• greater part of the floor of the third ventricle
  • hypophysis (pituitary body)
    • diaphragma sella
• Optic chiasma (chiasma opticum; optic commissure)
  • commissure of Gudden

Diencephalon/Other

Страница 814

• Optic tracts
  • lower visual centers
  • optic radiations
  • higher visual center (cortical visual center)

Страница 815

• Third ventricle (ventriculus tertius)
  • roof
    • choroid plexuses of the third ventricle
  • floor

Страница 816

• Third ventricle (ventriculus tertius)
  • floor
    • recessus infundibuli
  • anterior boundary
    • lamina terminalis
    • optic recess
    • vulva
    • interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro)
  • posterior boundary
    • recessus pinealis
    • recessus suprapinealis
  • lateral wall
    • sulcus of Monro
    • massa intermedia
• Interpeduncular fossa

Telencephalon

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• Telencephalon
• cerebral hemispheres

Страница 818

• longitudinal cerebral fissure (Fissura longitudinalis)
• falx cerebri
• corpus callosum
• splenium
• genu
• rostrum
• fornix
• Cerebral hemispheres: surfaces of:
  • supero-medial border
  • infero-lateral border
  • superciliary border
  • medial occipital border
  • medial orbital border
• Poles of cerebral hemispheres
  • frontal pole
  • occipital pole
  • temporal pole
• preoccipital notch

Страница 819

• gyri
• Sulci and fissures of cerebral hemisphere
• Lateral cerebral fissure (fissura cerebri lateralis; fissure of Sylvius)
• Central sulcus (sulcus centralis; fissure of Rolando; central fissure)

Страница 820

• Parietoöccipital fissure (fissura parietoöccipitalis)
• Calcarine fissure (fissura calcarina)
• Cingulate sulcus (sulcus cinguli; callosomarginal fissure)
• Collateral fissure (fissura collateralis)

Страница 821

• Sulcus circularis (circuminsular fissure)
• Lobes: of cerebral hemisphere

Telencephalon - Frontal lobe

Страница 821

• Frontal lobe (lobus frontalis)
• precentral sulcus
• superior frontal sulcus and inferior frontal sulcus
• anterior central gyrus (gyrus centralis anterior; ascending frontal convolution; precentral gyre)
• superior frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis superior; superfrontal gyre)

Страница 822

• superior frontal gyrus
  • paramedial sulcus
• middle frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis medius; medifrontal gyre)
  • medial frontal sulcus
• inferior frontal gyrus (gyrus frontalis inferior; subfrontal gyre)
  • orbital part
  • triangular part (cap of Broca)
  • basilar part
  • gyrus of Broca
• inferior surface or orbital surface
  • orbital sulcus
    • medial gyrus
    • anterior gyrus
    • lateral gyrus
    • posterior orbital gyrus
  • olfactory sulcus
  • straight gyrus
• medial surface
  • marginal gyrus
  • paracentral lobule

Telencephalon - Parietal lobe

Страница 822

• Parietal lobe (lobus parietalis)
• intraparietal sulcus of Turner
• postcentral sulcus

Страница 823

• occipital ramus
• transverse occipital sulcus
• superior parietal lobule
• inferior parietal lobule
• posterior central gyrus (gyrus centralis posterior; ascending parietal convolution; postcentral gyre)
• superior parietal lobule (lobulus parietalis superior)
• arcus parietoöccipitalis
• inferior parietal lobule (lobulus parietalis inferior; subparietal district or lobule)
• subparietal sulcus
• precuneus (quadrate lobe)

Telencephalon - Occipital lobe

Страница 823

• Occipital lobe (lobus occipitalis)
• transverse occipital sulcus
• lateral occipital sulcus
• lingual gyrus
• fusiform gyrus (occipitotemporal convolution)

Telencephalon - Temporal lobe

Страница 823

• Temporal lobe (lobus temporalis)

Страница 824

• transverse temporal gyri
• superior temporal sulcus
• parallel sulcus
• middle temporal sulcus
• superior temporal gyrus
• middle temporal gyrus
• inferior temporal gyrus
• inferior temporal sulcus
• fusiform gyrus

Telencephalon - Insula

Страница 825

• Insula (island of Reil; central lobe)
• opercula of the insula
• orbital operculum
• circular sulcus

Telencephalon - Limbic lobe

Страница 825

• Limbic lobe
• cingulate gyrus (gyrus cinguli; callosal convolution)
• callosal fissure
• Isthmus of cingulate gyrus

Страница 826

• hippocampal gyrus (gyrus hippocampi)
• cingulum
• uncus
• incisura temporalis
• Hippocampal fissure (fissura hippocampi; dentate fissure)

Telencephalon - Rhinencephalon

Страница 826

• Rhinencephalon
• Olfactory lobe (lobus olfactorius)
  • olfactory bulb (bulbus olfactorius)
  • olfactory tract (tractus olfactorius)
    • lateral stria

Страница 827

• Olfactory lobe (lobus olfactorius)
  • olfactory tract (tractus olfactorius)
    • medial stria
    • intermediate stria
  • olfactory trigone (trigonum olfactorium)
  • parolfactory area of Broca (area parolfactoria)
  • anterior perforated substance (substantia perforata anterior)
  • fissure prima
• Uncus
• subcallosal gyrus (gyrus subcallosus; peduncle of the corpus callosum)
• supracallosal gyrus (indusium griseum; gyrus epicallosus)
  • fasciola cinerea
• fascia dentata hippocampi (gyrus dentatus)
  • fimbriodentate fissure
  • band of Giacomini

Telencephalon – Interior of the Cerebral Hemispheres

Страница 827

• centrum ovale minus
• puncta vasculosa
• corpus callosum
• labia cerebri

Страница 828

• callosal fissure
• centrum ovale majus
• corpus callosum
  • Genu of corpus callosum
  • Rostrum of corpus callosum
  • Splenium of corpus callosum

Страница 829

• corpus callosum
  • supracallosal gyrus
  • forceps anterior
  • forceps posterior
  • tapetum
• Ventricles
  • Lateral ventricles (ventriculus lateralis)
  • septum pellucidum
  • interventricular foramen
  • ependyma
  • cornuaШаблон:Disambiguation needed
  • central part (pars centralis ventriculi lateralis; cella)

Страница 830

• Ventricles
  • anterior cornu (cornu anterius; anterior horn; precornu)

Страница 831

• Ventricles
  • rostrum
  • posterior cornu (cornu posterius; postcornu)
  • calcar avis (hippocampus minor)
  • bulb of the posterior cornu
  • inferior cornu (cornu inferior; descending horn; middle horn; medicornu)

Страница 832

• hippocampus (hippocampus major)

Страница 833

• hippocampus (hippocampus major)
  • pes hippocampi
  • alveus
• collateral eminence (eminentia collateralis)
  • trigonum collaterale
• corpus striatum
• caudate nucleus (nucleus caudatus; caudatum)

Страница 834

• lentiform nucleus (nucleus lentiformis; lenticular nucleus; lenticula)
• medullary laminæ
  • Putamen

Страница 835

• globus pallidus
• corticostriate fibers
• ansa lentiformis
• claustrum
  • capsula extrema (band of Baillarger)
• nucleus amygdalæ (amygdala)

Страница 836

• internal capsule (capsula interna)
  • genu
  • geniculate fibers
  • cerebrospinal fibers

Страница 837

• internal capsule (capsula interna)
  • corona radiata
• external capsule (capsula externa)
• substantia innominata of Meynert
  • ansa lentiformis
• stria terminalis (tænia semicircularis)

Страница 838

• terminal vein (vein of the corpus striatum)
• lamina affixa
• Fornix
  • Columns of fornix
  • crura
  • body (corpus fornicis)
  • psalterium (lyra)
  • hippocampal commissure
  • ventricle of the fornix (ventricle of Verga)
  • columns (columna fornicis; anterior pillars; fornicolumns)

Страница 839

• thalamomammillary fasciculus (bundle of Vicq d’Azyr)

Страница 840

• olfactory fasciculus
• crura (crus fornicis; posterior pillars)
  • alveus
  • fimbria hippocampi
  • fascia dentata hippocampi (dentate gyrus)
  • fimbriodentate fissure
• Interventricular foramen (foramen of Monro)
• Anterior commissure (precommissure)
  • Septum pellucidum (septum lucidum)
• cavity of the septum pellucidum (cavum septi pellucidi; pseudocele; fifth ventricle)
• Choroid plexus of the lateral ventricle (plexus chorioideus ventriculus lateralis; paraplexus)

Страница 841

• tela chorioidea of the third ventricle
• choroidal fissure
• tela chorioidea of the third ventricle (tela chorioidea ventriculi tertii; velum interpositum)

Страница 842

• transverse fissure of the brain
• internal cerebral veins (venæ Galeni)
• great cerebral vein (vena magna Galeni)

Telencephalon – Structure of the Cerebral Hemispheres

Страница 842

• cortex
• white substance

Страница 843

• white substance
  • Projection fibers
  • Transverse fibers or commissural fibers
  • Association fibers
    • short association fibers
    • long association fibers
      • uncinate fasciculus
      • cingulum

Страница 844

• white substance
  • Association fibers
    • long association fibers
      • superior longitudinal fasciculus
      • inferior longitudinal fasciculus
      • perpendicular fasciculus
      • occipitofrontal fasciculus

Страница 845

• white substance
  • Association fibers
    • long association fibers
      • fornix
• gray substance of the hemisphere
  • Structure of the Cerebral Cortex
    • outer band of Baillarger or band of Gennari
    • inner band of Baillarger
  • Nerve cells
    • giant cells of Betz
    • cells of Golgi
    • cells of Martinotti

Страница 846

• Nerve Fibers
  • Tangential fibers of cerebral cortex
    • plexus of Exner
    • Band of Bechterew
    • Band of Gennari
  • Radial fibers of cerebral cortex

Страница 847

• Special Types of Cerebral Cortex
  • Visual area of cerebral cortex
    • Visuosensory area
    • Visuopsychic area
  • Motor areas of cerebral cortex

Страница 848

• Special Types of Cerebral Cortex
  • Olfactory bulb
  • glomeruli
    • Mitral cells

Composition and central connections of the spinal nerves (Тема 190)

Страница 849

• typical spinal nerve
  • somatic sensory fibers
  • sympathetic afferent fibers or sensory fibers
  • somatic motor fibers
  • sympathetic efferent fibers or preganglionic fibers

Страница 850

• Intrinsic spinal reflex paths

Страница 851

• Sensory pathways from the Spinal cord to the Brain
  • conscious muscle sense
  • unconscious muscle sense

Страница 853

• Sensory pathways from the Spinal cord to the Brain
  • impulses of pain
  • impulses of temperature

Страница 854

• Sensory pathways from the Spinal cord to the Brain
  • tactile discrimination
  • touch fibers
• ventral spinothalamic fasciculus
• superficial antero-lateral fasciculus (tract of Gowers)
• spinotectal fasciculus
• spino-olivary fasciculus (olivospinal; bulbospinal, Helweg's bundle)
• Sympathetic afferent fibers (visceral afferentШаблон:Dn; viscero-sensory; splanchnic afferent)
• Sympathetic efferent fibers (splanchnic motor; viscero-motor; preganglionic fibers)

Composition and central connections of the cranial nerves (Тема 191)

Страница 855

• Hypoglossal nerve (XII cranial)
• Accessory nerve (XI cranial)
• Vagus nerve (X cranial)
  • somatic sensory fibers

Страница 856

• Vagus nerve (X cranial)
  • sympathetic afferent fibers
  • Taste fibers
  • Somatic motor fibers
  • Sympathetic efferent fibers
• Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX cranial)
  • somatic sensory fibers

Страница 857

• Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX cranial)
  • Sympathetic afferent fibers
  • Taste fibers
  • Somatic motor fibers
  • Sympathetic efferent fibers (motor and secretory fibers)

• Acoustic nerve (VIII cranial)
  • Cochlear nerve
  • cochlear nucleus
  • striæ medullares

Страница 858

• Acoustic nerve (VIII cranial)
  • trapezoid body
  • cochlear nucleus
  • acoustic tubercle
  • superior olivary nucleus
  • nucleus of the trapezoid body

Страница 859

• Acoustic nerve (VIII cranial)
  • lateral preolivary nucleus or semilunar nucleus
  • mesial preolivary nucleus
  • lateral lemniscus (lateral fillet)
  • fillet of Reil
  • lower and upper nuclei of the lateral lemniscus
  • inferior colliculi (lower or posterior quadrigeminal bodies)
  • medial geniculate body
  • commissure of Gudden

Страница 860

• Vestibular nerve (vestibular root, VIII cranial)
  • dorsal vestibular nucleus (medial or principal nucleus)
  • inferior vestibular nucleus
  • lateral vestibular nucleus (Deiters's nucleus)

Страница 861

• Vestibular nerve (vestibular root, VIII cranial)
  • superior vestibular nucleus (Bechterew's nucleus)
• Facial nerve (VII cranial)
  • somatic sensory fibers
  • sympathetic afferent fibers
  • Taste fibers
  • Somatic motor fibers
  • Sympathetic efferent fibers (preganglionic fibers)
  • superior salivatory nucleus
• Abducens nerve (VI cranial)

Страница 862

• Abducens nerve (VI cranial)
  • corticopontine fibers
• Trigeminal nerve (V cranial)
  • motor nucleus
  • terminal sensory nucleus
  • main sensory nucleus
  • nucleus of the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve
  • main sensory nucleus
  • tractus spinalis
  • nucleus of the tractus spinalis

Страница 863

• Trigeminal nerve (V cranial)
  • central path of the trigeminal (trigeminothalamic tract)
  • mesencephalic root (descending root of the trigeminal)
• Trochlear nerve (IV cranial)
  • trochlear nucleus
• Oculomotor nerve (III cranial)
  • oculomotor nucleus

Страница 864

• Optic nerve or Nerve of Sight (II cranial)

Страница 865

• Optic nerve or Nerve of Sight (II cranial)
  • primary visual centers
  • lateral geniculate body
  • superior colliculus
  • stratum zonale
  • stratum cinereum

Страница 866

• Optic nerve or Nerve of Sight (II cranial)
  • stratum opticum
  • lateral lemniscus
  • tectospinal fasciculus
• Olfactory nerves (I cranial) or nerves of smell

Страница 867

• Olfactory nerves (I cranial) or nerves of smell
  • lateral olfactory striæ
  • medial olfactory striæ
  • pars olfactoria
  • intermediate olfactory striæ
  • tractus olfactomesencephalicus (basal olfactory bundle of Wallenburg)
  • fasciculus mammillo-tegmentalis (mammillo-tegmental bundle of Gudden)

Страница 868

• fasciculus retroflexus of Meynert
• interpeduncular ganglion
• tegmental bundle of Gudden
• cingulum
• dentate gyrus
• indusium
• medial longitudinal striæ (nerves of Lancisi)
• lateral longitudinal striæ
• gyrus subcallosus and the anterior perforated substance (diagonal band of Broca)

Страница 869

• olfactory projection fibers
• alveus
• fornix
• hippocampal commissure (ventral psalterium or lyre)
• bundle of Vicq d'Azyr (mammillo-thalamic fasciculus)
• amygdaloid nucleus and the tænia semicircularis (stria terminalis)

Pathways from the brain to the spinal cord (Тема 192)

Страница 870

• Motor tract
• geniculate fibers
• cerebrospinal fibers
• decussation of the pyramids
• lateral cerebrospinal fasciculus (crossed pyramidal tract)
• anterior cerebrospinal fasciculus (direct pyramidal tract)
• upper motor neurons
• lower motor neurons
• rubrospinal fasciculus

Страница 871

• Tectospinal fasciculus

Страница 872

• vestibulospinal fasciculus (part of the anterior marginal fasciculus or Loewenthal's tract)
• pontospinal fasciculus (Bechterew)

The meninges of the brain and medulla spinalis (Тема 193)

Страница 872

• dura mater
  • cranial dura mater (dura mater encephali; dura of the brain)

Страница 873

• processes of dura mater
  • Falx cerebri

Страница 874

• processes of dura mater
  • Tentorium cerebelli
    • Incisura tentorii
  • Falx cerebelli
  • Diaphragma sellae

Страница 875

• Structure
  • Endosteal layer of dura mater
  • Meningeal layer of dura mater
  • arteries of Dura mater
  • veins of Dura mater
  • nerves of Dura mater
• spinal dura mater (dura mater spinalis; spinal dura)
  • Subdural cavity
  • Epidural space

Страница 876

• spinal dura mater (dura mater spinalis; spinal dura)
  • Structure
• Dura mater: structure of:
• Arachnoid (Arachnoid membrane)
  • Cranial arachnoid (Arachnoidea encephali)
  • Spinal arachnoid (Arachnoidea spinalis)
  • structure of Arachnoid
• Subarachnoid cavity (Cavum subarachnoideale, Subarachnoid space)
• Subarachnoid cisternæ (Cisternæ subarachnoidales)
  • Cisterna cerebellomedullaris (Cisterna magna)
  • Cisterna pontis
  • Cisterna interpeduncularis (Cisterna basalis)

Страница 877

• Subarachnoid cisternæ (Cisternæ subarachnoidales)
  • Cisterna chiasmatis
  • Cisterna fossae cerebri lateralis
  • Cisterna venae magnae cerebri
• openings
  • Foramina of Majendie
  • Foramina of Luschka
• Subarachnoid septum
• Ligamentum denticulatum
• Cerebrospinal fluid

Страница 878

• Arachnoid villi (Granulationes arachnoideales, Arachnoid granulations, Glandulæ Pacchioni, Pacchionian glands)
• Pia mater

Страница 879

• Pia mater
  • Cranial pia mater
  • Spinal pia mater
  • Linea splendens
  • Ligamentum denticulatum
  • Filum terminale
  • Central ligament of medulla spinalis

Страница 880

• ligamentum denticulatum (dentate ligament)

The cerebrospinal fluid (Тема 194)

Страница 880

• Cerebrospinal fasciculus: fluid
• Dentate fissure: ligament
• Ligament or Ligaments: dentate

The cranial nerves (Тема 195)

• Cranial nerves (Nervi cerebrales, Cerebral nerves)
• Nuclei: of origin of motor nerves

The olfactory nerves (Тема 196)

Страница 881

• Olfactory nerves (Nervi olfactorii, first nerve)

The optic nerve (Тема 197)

Страница 882

• Optic nerve (Nervus opticus, Second nerve)
• Visual center

Страница 883

• Optic chiasma
• Decussation of optic nerves
• Commissure of Gudden

Страница 884

• Optic tract

The oculomotor nerve (Тема 198)

Страница 884

• Oculomotor nerve (Nervus oculomotorius, Third nerve)
• Nucleus of oculomotor nerve

The trochlear nerve (Тема 199)

Страница 885

• Trochlear nerve (Nervus trochlearis, Fourth nerve)

The trigeminal nerve (Тема 200)

Страница 886

• Trigeminal nerve (Nervus trigeminus, Trifacial nerve, Fifth nerve)
• Semilunar ganglion (ganglion semilunare, Gasserian ganglion)
• Cavum Meckelii

Ophthalmic nerve

Страница 887

• Ophthalmic nerve (Nervus ophthalmicus)
• Lacrimal nerve (Nervus lacrimalis)
• Frontal nerve (Nervus frontalis)

Страница 888

• Frontal nerve
  • Supratrochlear nerve (Nervus supratrochlearis)
  • Supraorbital nerve (Nervus supraorbitalis)
• Nasociliary nerve (Nervus nasociliaris, Nasal nerve)
  • Long root of ciliary ganglion (Radix longa ganglii ciliaris)
  • Long ciliary nerves (Nervi ciliares longi)
  • Infratrochlear nerve (Nervus infratrochlearis)
  • Ethmoidal branches (Nervi ethmoidales)
• Ciliary ganglion (ophthalmic ganglion or lenticular ganglion)
• Ciliary nerves

Страница 889

• Short ciliary nerves

Maxillary nerve

Страница 889

• Maxillary nerve (Nervus maxillaris, superior maxillary nerve)
• In the Cranium
  • Middle meningeal nerve (Nervus meningeus medius, meningeal branch, dural branch)
• In the Pterygopalatine Fossa
  • Zygomatic nerve (Nervus zygomaticus; Temporomalar nerve; Orbital nerve)

Страница 890

• In the Pterygopalatine fossa
  • Zygomatic nerve (Nervus zygomaticus; Temporomalar nerve; Orbital nerve)
    • Zygomaticotemporal branch
    • Zygomaticofacial branch
  • Sphenopalatine nerves (Nervi sphenopalatini)
  • Posterior superior alveolar branches (Nervus rami alveolares superiores posteriores, posterior superior dental branches)

Страница 891

• In the Infraorbital canal
  • Middle superior alveolar branch (ramus alveolaris superior medius; middle superior dental branch)
  • Anterior superior alveolar branch (ramus alveolaris superior anteriores; Nervus ramus alveolaris superior anteriores, anterior superior dental branch, Anterior superior dental nerve)
    • nasal branch
• On the Face
  • Inferior palpebral branches (rami palpebrales inferiores; palpebral branches)
  • External nasal branches (rami nasales externi, Nervus nasales externi)
  • Superior labial branches (rami labiales superiores, Nervus labialis superiores, labial branches)
    • Infraorbital plexus
• Sphenopalatine ganglion (ganglion of Meckel)

Страница 892

• Sphenopalatine ganglion (ganglion of Meckel)
  • Greater superficial petrosal nerve (Nervus petrosus superficialis major, Large superficial petrosal nerve)
  • Deep petrosal nerve (Nervus petrosus profundus, Large deep petrosal nerve)
  • Nerve of pterygoid canal (Nervus canalis pterygoidei, Vidian nerve)

Страница 893

• Branches of Distribution
  • orbital branches (rami orbitales; ascending branches)
  • palatine nerves (nn. palatini; descending branches)
    • anterior palatine nerve (n. palatinus anterior)
    • middle palatine nerve (n. palatinus medius)
    • posterior palatine nerve (n. palatinus posterior)
  • posterior superior nasal branches (rami nasales posteriores superiores)
    • nasopalatine nerve
  • pharyngeal nerve (pterygopalatine nerve)

Mandibular nerve

Страница 893

• mandibular nerve (n. mandibularis; inferior maxillary nerve)

Страница 894

• Nervus spinosus
• Internal pterygoid nerve (n. pterygoideus internus)
• anterior and smaller division of the mandibular nerve
  • Masseteric nerve (Nervus massetericus)

Страница 895

• anterior and smaller division of the mandibular nerve
  • Deep temporal nerves (nn. temporales profundi)
  • Букален нерв (n. buccalis)
  • External pterygoid nerve (n. pterygoideus externus)
• posterior and larger division of the mandibular nerve
  • Auriculotemporal nerve (n. auriculotemporalis)
    • anterior auricular branches (nn. auriculares anteriores)
    • branches to the external acoustic meatus (n. meatus auditorii externi)
    • articular branches
    • parotid branches (rami parotidei)
    • superficial temporal branch (rami temporales superficiales)
  • Lingual nerve (n. lingualis)

Страница 896

• posterior and larger division of the mandibular nerve
  • Inferior alveolar nerve (n. alveolaris inferior; inferior dental nerve)
    • Mylohyoid nerve (n. mylohyoideus)

Страница 897

• posterior and larger division of the mandibular nerve
  • Inferior alveolar nerve (n. alveolaris inferior; inferior dental nerve)
    • dental branches
      • inferior dental plexus
    • incisive branch
    • mental nerve (n. mentalis)
• Otic ganglion (ganglion oticum)

Страница 898

• Submaxillary ganglion (ganglion submaxillare)

The abducent nerve (Тема 201)

Страница 899

• Abducent nerve (Nervus abducens, Sixth nerve)

Страница 900

• cavernous sinus
• superior orbital fissure
• Orbits: relation of nerves in:

The facial nerve (Тема 202)

Страница 901

• Facial nerve (Nervus facialis, Seventh nerve)
• nervus intermedius (pars intermedii of Wrisberg)

Страница 902

• motor root
• sensory root
• Geniculum of facial nerve
• Genicular ganglion of facial nerve
• Parotid plexus

Страница 903

• greater superficial petrosal nerve (large superficial petrosal nerve)

Страница 904

• With the facial canal
  • Nerve to the stapedius (n. stapedius; tympanic branch)
  • Chorda tympani nerve
    • iter chordae posterius
    • iter chordae anterius

Страница 905

• At its exit from the stylomastoid foramen
  • Posterior auricular nerve (n. auricularis posterior)
    • auricular branch
    • occipital branch
  • Digastric branch (ramus digastricus)
  • Stylohyoid branch (ramus stylohyoideus)
• On the face
  • Temporal branches (rami temporales)
  • Zygomatic branches (rami zygomatici; malar branches)
  • Buccal branches (rami buccales; infraorbital branches)
    • superficial branches
    • deep branches
    • infraorbital plexus
  • Mandibular branch (ramus marginalis mandibulæ)
  • Cervical branch (ramus colli)

The acoustic nerve (Тема 203)

Страница 905

• acoustic nerve (Eighth nerve)

Страница 906

• Cochlear nerve
  • accessory nucleus
  • tuberculum acusticum
  • striæ medullares (striæ acusticæ)
  • lateral lemniscus
  • nucleus of the lateral lemniscus
• Vestibular nerve
  • ganglion of Scarpa

The glossopharyngeal nerve (Тема 204)

Страница 906

• Glossopharyngeal nerve (Nervus glossopharyngeus, Ninth nerve)

Страница 907

• sensory fibers
  • taste fibers
  • Fasciculus solitarius
  • somatic sensory fibers
• somatic motor fibers
  • nucleus ambiguus
• sympathetic efferent fibers

Страница 908

• Ganglia
  • Superior ganglion (ganglion superius; jugular ganglion)
  • Petrous ganglion (ganglion petrosum; inferior ganglion)

Страница 909

• Branches of Distribution
  • Tympanic nerve (n. tympanicus; nerve of Jacobson)
    • Tympanic plexus
  • Carotid branches (n. caroticotympanicus superior and n. caroticotympanicus inferior)
  • Pharyngeal branches (rami pharyngei)
    • Pharyngeal plexus
  • Muscular branch (ramus stylopharyngeus)
  • Tonsillar branches (rami tonsillares)
  • Lingual branches (rami linguales)

The vagus nerve (Тема 205)

Страница 910

• Vagus nerve (Nervus vagus, Tenth nerve; Pneumogastric nerve)
• Jugular ganglion (ganglion of the root)
• Ganglion nodosum (ganglion of the trunk)
• Posterior pulmonary plexus
• Esophageal plexus

Страница 911

• Ganglion nodosum (ganglion of the trunk; inferior ganglion)
• In the Jugular fossa
  • Meningeal branch (ramus meningeus; dural branch)
  • Auricular branch (ramus auricularis; nerve of Arnold)
• In the Neck
  • Pharyngeal branch (ramus pharyngeus)

Страница 912

• In the Neck
  • Pharyngeal branch (ramus pharyngeus)
    • Pharyngeal plexus
  • Superior laryngeal nerve (n. laryngeus superior)
    • external branch (ramus externus) – external laryngeal nerve
    • internal branch (ramus internus) – internal laryngeal nerve
  • Recurrent nerve (n. recurrens; inferior or recurrent laryngeal nerve)
  • Superior cardiac branches (rami cardiaci superiores; cervical cardiac branches)
    • upper branches
    • lower branch
• In the Thorax
  • Inferior cardiac branches (rami cardiaci inferiores; thoracic cardiac branches)

Страница 913

• In the Thorax
  • Anterior bronchial branches (rami bronchiales anteriores; anterior or ventral pulmonary branches)
    • Anterior pulmonary plexus
  • Posterior bronchial branches (rami bronchiales posteriores; posterior or dorsal pulmonary branches)
    • posterior pulmonary plexus
  • Esophageal branches (rami æsophagei)
    • esophageal plexus

• In the Abdomen
  • Gastric branches (rami gastrici)
    • posterior gastric plexus
    • anterior gastric plexus
  • Celiac branches (rami cæliaci)
  • Hepatic branches (rami hepatici)

The accessory nerve (Тема 206)

Страница 913

• accessory nerve (Nervus accessorius, Eleventh nerve; Spinal accessory nerve)
  • Cranial Part (ramus internus; accessory portion)
  • Spinal Part (ramus externus; spinal portion)

The hypoglossal nerve (Тема 207)

Страница 914

• Hypoglossal nerve (Nervus hypoglossus, Twelfth nerve)

Страница 916

• Meningeal branches (dural branches)
• Descending ramus (ramus descendens; descendens hypoglossi)
  • ansa hypoglossi
• Thyrohyoid branch (ramus thyreohyoideus)
• Muscular branches

Страница 916

• Nervus ramus descendens
• Nervus thyreohyoideus

The spinal nerves (Тема 208)

Страница 916

• spinal nerves (Nervi spinales)
• first cervical nerve (suboccipital nerve)
• Nerve roots
• Anterior root (radix anterior; ventral root)
• Posterior root (radix posterior; dorsal root)

Страница 917

• Spinal ganglia (ganglion spinale)

Страница 919

• cauda equina

Страница 920

• spinal nerve
• gray ramus communicans
• white ramus communicans
• somatic fibers
• sympathetic fibers (splanchnic fibers)

Страница 921

• cells of Dogiel
• meningeal branch

The posterior divisions (Тема 209)

Страница 921

• posterior divisions (Rami Posteriores)
• Cervical nerves (Nn. Cervicales)

Страница 923

• Cervical nerves (Nn. Cervicales)
  • posterior division of the second cervical nerve
    • medial branch (ramus medialis; internal branch)
      • greater occipital nerve (n. occipitalis major; great occipital nerve)
    • lateral branch (ramus lateralis; external branch)
  • posterior division of the third cervical nerve
    • medial branch
      • third occipital nerve
    • lateral branch
  • posterior cervical plexus
  • posterior divisions of the lower five cervical nerves
    • medial branches
    • lateral branches
• Thoracic nerves (Nn. Thoracales)
  • medial branches (ramus medialis; internal branch)
    • upper six thoracic nerves
    • lower six thoracic nerves
  • lateral branches (ramus lateralis; external branch)

Страница 924

• Lumbar nerves (Nn. Lumbales)
  • medial branches
  • lateral branches
• Sacral nerves (Nn. Sacrales)
  • upper three sacral nerves
    • medial branches
    • lateral branches
  • lower two sacral nerves

Страница 925

• Coccygeal nerve (N. Coccygeus)

The anterior divisions (Тема 210)

Страница 925

• anterior divisions (Rami Anteriores)
• Cervical nerves (Nn. Cervicales)
• anterior division of the first (suboccipital nerve)
• upper four cervical nerves
• cervical plexus (plexus cervicalis)

Superficial Branches of the Cervical plexus

Страница 926

• Smaller occipital nerve (n. occipitalïs minor; small occipital nerve)
  • auricular branch
• Great auricular nerve (n. auricularis magnus)

Страница 927

• Great auricular nerve
  • anterior branch (ramus anterior; facial branch)
  • posterior branch (ramus posterior; mastoid branch)
• Cutaneous cervical (n. cutaneus colli; superficial or transverse cervical nerve)
  • ascending branches (rami superiores)

Страница 928

• Cutaneous cervical
  • descending branches (rami inferiores)
• Supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares; descending branches)
  • anterior supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares anteriores; suprasternal nerves)
  • middle supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares medii; supraclavicular nerves)
  • posterior supraclavicular nerves (nn. supraclaviculares posteriores; supra-acromial nerves)

Deep Branches of the Cervical plexus. INTERNAL SERIES

Страница 928

• Communicating branches
• Muscular branches
• Communicantes cervicales (communicantes hypoglossi)
• descendens cervicalis
• ansa hypoglossi
• Phrenic nerve (n. phrenicus; internal respiratory nerve of Bell)

Страница 929

• phrenic ganglion

Deep Branches of the Cervical plexus. EXTERNAL SERIES

Страница 930

• Communicating branches
• Muscular branches

Brachial plexus

Страница 930

• Branchial plexus (plexus brachialis)

Страница 931

• lateral cord
• medial cord
• posterior cord

Supraclavicular Branches

Страница 932

• Dorsal scapular nerve (n. dorsalis scapulæ; nerve to the Rhomboidei; posterior scapular nerve)
• Suprascapular nerve (n. suprascapularis)

Страница 933

• Nerve to the subclavius (n. subclavius)
• Long thoracic nerve (n. thoracalis longus; external respiratory nerve of Bell; posterior thoracic nerve)

Infraclavicular branches

Страница 933

• Lateral cord: Musculocutaneous (5, 6, 7 C), Lateral anterior thoracic (5, 6, 7 C), Lateral head of median (6, 7 C)

• Medial cord: Medial anterior thoracic (8 C, 1 T), Medial antibrachial cutaneous, Medial brachial cutaneous, Ulnar, Medial head of median, Upper subscapular (5, 6 C), Lower subscapular (5, 6 C.)

• Posterior cord: Thoracodorsal (5, 6, 7 C.), Axillary (5, 6 C.), Radial (6, 7, 8 C, 1 T.)

• Anterior thoracic nerves (nn. thoracales anteriores)
  • lateral anterior thoracic (fasciculus lateralis)
  • medial anterior thoracic (fasciculus medialis)
• Subscapular nerves (nn. subscapulares)

Страница 934

• Subscapular nerves
  • upper subscapular (short subscapular)
  • lower subscapular
• Thoracodorsal nerve (n. thoracodorsalis; middle or long subscapular nerve)
• Axillary nerve (n. axillaris; circumflex nerve)
  • anterior branch of axillary nerve (upper branch)
  • posterior branch of axillary nerve (lower branch)
    • lateral brachial cutaneous nerve

Страница 935

• Musculocutaneous nerve (n. musculocutaneus)

Страница 936

• lateral antibrachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus antibrachii cutaneous lateralis; branch of musculocutaneous nerve)

Страница 937

• Medial antibrachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus antibrachii medialis; internal cutaneous nerve)
• Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus brachii medialis; lesser internal cutaneous nerve; nerve of Wrisberg)

Median nerve

Страница 938

• Median nerve (n. medianus)
  • In the forearm
    • muscular branches (rami musculares)
    • volar interosseous nerve (n. interosseus volaris; anterior interosseous nerve)
    • palmar branch (ramus cutaneus palmaris n. mediani)
  • In the palm of the hand
    • proper volar digital nerves
    • common volar digital nerves

Ulnar nerve

Страница 939

• Ulnar nerve (n. ulnaris)

Страница 942

• articular branches to the elbow-joint
• muscular branches of ulnar nerve (rami musculares)
• palmar cutaneous branch of ulnar nerve
• dorsal branch of ulnar nerve (ramus dorsalis manus)
• volar branch of ulnar nerve (ramus volaris manus)
• superficial branch of ulnar nerve (ramus superficialis [n. ulnaris])

Страница 943

• deep branch of ulnar nerve (ramus profundus)

Radial nerve

Страница 943

• Radial nerve (n. radialis; musculospiral nerve)
  • Muscular branches of the radial nerve (rami musculares)
    • ulnar collateral nerve
  • Cutaneous branches of the radial nerve
    • posterior brachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus brachii posterior; internal cutaneous branch of musculospiral)

Страница 944

• Radial nerve
  • Cutaneous branches of the radial nerve
    • dorsal antibrachial cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus antibrachii dorsalis; external cutaneous branch of musculospiral)
  • Superficial branch of the radial nerve (ramus superficialis radial nerve)
  • Deep branch of the radial nerve (n. interosseus dorsalis; dorsal or posterior interosseous nerve)
    • dorsal interosseous nerve

The thoracic nerves (Тема 211)

Страница 944

• anterior divisions of the thoracic nerves (rami anteriores; ventral divisions)

Страница 945

• First thoracic nerve
• first intercostal nerve
• Upper thoracic nerves (nn. intercostales)
• thoracic intercostal nerves
• Lateral cutaneous branches (rami cutanei laterales)

Страница 946

• Intercostobrachial nerve

Страница 948

• Lower thoracic nerves
• thoracicoabdominal intercostal nerves
• anterior cutaneous branches
• lateral cutaneous branches
• twelfth thoracic nerve
• lateral cutaneous branch

The lumbosacral plexus (Тема 212)

Страница 948

• lumbosacral plexus (Plexus Lumbosacralis)
• Lumbar nerves (Nn. Lumbales)
• anterior divisions of the lumbar nerves (rami anteriores)
• lumbosacral trunk

Страница 949

• Furcal nerve (Nervus furcalis)

Lumbar plexus

Страница 949

• lumbar plexus

Страница 950

• Iliohypogastric nerve (n. iliohypogastricus)

Страница 951

• Iliohypogastric nerve (n. iliohypogastricus)
  • lateral cutaneous branch (ramus cutaneus lateralis; iliac branch)
  • anterior cutaneous branch (ramus cutaneus anterior; hypogastric branch)

Страница 952

• Ilioinguinal nerve (n. ilioinguinalis)

Страница 953

• Genitofemoral nerve (n. genitofemoralis; genitocrural nerve)
  • external spermatic nerve (n. spermaticus externus; genital branch of genitofemoral)
  • lumboinguinal nerve (n. lumboinguinalis; femoral or crural branch of genitofemoral)
• Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus femoralis lateralis; external cutaneous nerve)
  • patellar plexus
• Obturator nerve (n. obturatorius)

Страница 954

• Obturator nerve (n. obturatorius)
  • anterior branch (ramus anterior)
  • posterior branch (ramus posterior)

Страница 955

• Obturator nerve (n. obturatorius)
  • articular branch for the knee-joint
• Accessory obturator nerve (n. obturatorius accessorius)
• Femoral nerve (n. femoralis; anterior crural nerve)
  • intermediate cutaneous nerve (ramus cutaneus anterior; middle cutaneous nerve)
  • medial cutaneous nerve (ramus cutaneus anterior; internal cutaneous nerve)

Страница 956

• Femoral nerve (n. femoralis; anterior crural nerve)
  • medial cutaneous nerve (ramus cutaneus anterior; internal cutaneous nerve)
  • subsartorial plexus
  • Muscular branches (rami musculares)
    • nerve to the Pectineus
    • nerve to the Sartorius
  • Saphenous nerve (n. saphenus; long or internal saphenous nerve)
  • infrapatellar branch
  • plexus patellæ
  • articular branch to the hip-joint
  • articular branches to the knee-joint

The sacral and coccygeal nerves (Тема 213)

Страница 957

• Sacral plexus (plexus sacralis)
• Nerve to the Quadratus femoris and Gemellus inferior

Страница 958

• Nerve to the Obturator internus and Gemellus superior

Страница 959

• Nerve to the Piriformis
• Superior gluteal nerve (n. glutæus superior)
• Inferior gluteal nerve (n. glutæus inferior)
• Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus femoralis posterior; small sciatic nerve)

Страница 960

• Posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus femoralis posterior; small sciatic nerve)
  • gluteal branches (nn. clunium inferiores)
  • perineal branches (rami perineales)
  • inferior pudendal (long scrotal nerve)
  • branches to the back of the thigh and leg
• Sciatic nerve (n. ischiadicus; great sciatic nerve)

Tibial nerve

Страница 960

• Tibial nerve (n. tibialis; internal popliteal nerve)

Страница 962

• Tibial nerve (n. tibialis; internal popliteal nerve)
  • Articular branches (rami articulares)
  • Muscular branches (rami musculares)
  • medial sural cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus suræ medialis; n. communicans tibialis)

Страница 963

• Tibial nerve (n. tibialis; internal popliteal nerve)
  • sural nerve (n. suralis; short saphenous nerve)
    • lateral dorsal cutaneous nerve
  • medial calcaneal branches (rami calcanei mediales; internal calcaneal branches)
  • medial plantar nerve (n. plantaris medialis; internal plantar nerve)
    • cutaneous branches
    • muscular branches
    • articular branches
    • proper digital nerve of the great toe (nn. digitales plantares proprii; plantar digital branches)
    • three common digital nerves (nn. digitales plantares communes)
  • Lateral plantar nerve (n. plantaris lateralis; external plantar nerve)

Common peroneal nerve

Страница 964

• Common peroneal nerve (n. peronæus communis; external popliteal nerve; peroneal nerve)
  • lateral sural cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus suræ lateralis; lateral cutaneous branch)
  • peroneal anastomotic (n. communicans fibularis)

Страница 965

• Deep peroneal nerve (n. peronæus profundus; anterior tibial nerve)
  • muscular branches
  • articular branch
  • lateral terminal branch (external or tarsal branch)
    • interosseous branches
  • medial terminal branch (internal branch)
    • dorsal digital nerves (nn. digitales dorsales hallucis lateralis et digiti secundi medialis)
    • interosseous branch

Страница 966

• Superficial peroneal nerve (n. peronæus superficialis; musculocutaneous nerve)
  • medial dorsal cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus dorsalis medialis; internal dorsal cutaneous branch)
  • intermediate dorsal cutaneous nerve (n. cutaneus dorsalis intermedius; external dorsal cutaneous branch)
    • dorsal digital branches

Pudendal plexus

Страница 966

• Pudendal plexus (plexus pudendus)

Страница 967

• Perforating cutaneous nerve (n. clunium inferior medialis)
• Срамен нерв (n. pudendus)

Страница 968

• Alcock’s canal
• dorsal nerve of the penis or clitoris
• inferior hemorrhoidal nerve (n. hæmorrhoidalis inferior)
• perineal nerve (n. perinei)
  • posterior scrotal branches (or labial) (nn. scrotales (or labiales) posteriores
  • muscular branches
    • nerve to the bulb
• dorsal nerve of the penis (n. dorsalis penis)
• Anococcygeal nerves (nn. anococcygei)

The sympathetic nerves (Тема 214)

Страница 968

• sympathetic nervous system

Страница 969

• preganglionic fibers

Страница 970

• cranial sympathetics
  • Sympathetic efferent fibers of the Oculomotor nerve
  • Sympathetic efferent fibers of the Facial nerve

Страница 972

• cranial sympathetics
  • Sympathetic afferent fibers of the Glossopharyngeal nerve
  • Sympathetic efferent fibers of the Vagus nerve

Страница 973

• cranial sympathetics
  • Sympathetic afferent fibers of the Vagus
• Sacral sympathetics
  • Sacral sympathetic efferent fibers

Страница 974

• Sacral sympathetics
  • Afferent sympathetic fibers
• Thoracolumbar sympathetics
  • thoracolumbar sympathetic fibers
  • vasoconstrictor fibers

Страница 976

• Thoracolumbar sympathetics
  • central ganglia
    • prevertebral plexuses
    • sympathetic trunks (truncus sympathicus; gangliated cord)
    • нечифтен ганглий
  • Connections with the Spinal nerves
    • gray and white rami communicantes

Страница 977

• Thoracolumbar sympathetics
  • three great gangliated plexuses (collateral ganglia)
    • cardiac plexus
    • solar plexus or epigastric plexus
    • hypogastric plexus

The cephalic portion of the sympathetic system (Тема 215)

Страница 977

• internal carotid nerve
• internal carotid plexus (plexus caroticus internus; carotid plexus)
• сънен ганглий
• deep petrosal

Страница 978

• caroticotympanic
• cavernous plexus (plexus cavernosus)
• filaments of connection
• terminal filaments

The cervical portion of the sympathetic system (Тема 216)

Страница 978

• superior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale superius)
  • Inferior branch
  • Lateral branches (external branches)
  • Medial branches (internal branches)
  • laryngopharyngeal branches (rami laryngopharyngei)

Страница 979

• superior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale superius)
  • pharyngeal plexus
  • superior cardiac nerve (n. cardiacus superior)
  • Anterior branches (nn. carotici externi)
  • external petrosal nerve
• middle cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale medium)
  • Middle cardiac nerve (n. cardiacus medius; great cardiac nerve)

Страница 980

• inferior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale inferius)

Страница 981

• inferior cervical ganglion (ganglion cervicale inferius)
  • подключична бримка (Vieussenii)
  • inferior cardiac nerve (n. cardiacus inferior)
  • offsets to bloodvessels

The thoracic portion of the sympathetic system (Тема 217)

Страница 981

• branches from the upper five ganglia
• branches from the lower seven ganglia
• greater splanchnic nerve (n. splanchnicus major; great splanchnic nerve)
• ganglion splanchnicum
• lesser splanchnic nerve (n. splanchnicus minor)
• lowest splanchnic nerve (n. splanchnicus imus; least splanchnic nerve)

The abdominal portion of the sympathetic system (Тема 218)

Страница 982

• Pars Abdominalis S. Sympathici; Lumbar portion of Gangliated cord

The pelvic portion of the sympathetic system (Тема 219)

Страница 984

• нечифтен ганглий
• branches of distribution
• glomus coccygeum (coccygeal body)

The great plexuses of the sympathetic system (Тема 220)

Страница 984

• Cardiac plexus (Plexus Cardiacus)
  • superficial part of the cardiac plexus
  • cardiac ganglion of Wrisberg
  • deep part of the cardiac plexus

Страница 985

• Cardiac plexus (Plexus Cardiacus)
  • Posterior coronary plexus (plexus coronarius posterior; left coronary plexus)
  • Anterior coronary plexus (plexus coronarius anterior; right coronary plexus)
• Слънчев сплит (Plexus Cœliacus; Solar plexus)
  • Чревни ганглии (ganglia cæliaca; semilunar ganglia)
  • aorticorenal ganglion
  • phrenic plexus (plexus phrenicus)

Страница 986

• Слънчев сплит (Plexus Cœliacus; Solar plexus)
  • ganglion phrenicum
  • чернодробен сплит (plexus hepaticus)
  • inferior gastric plexus
  • слезков сплит (plexus lienalis; splenic plexus)

Страница 987

• Слънчев сплит (Plexus Cœliacus; Solar plexus)
  • superior gastric plexus (plexus gastricus superior; gastric plexus or coronary plexus)
  • надбъбречен сплит (plexus suprarenalis)
  • бъбречен сплит (plexus renalis)
  • spermatic plexus (plexus spermaticus) / ovarian plexus (plexus arteriæ ovaricæ)
  • superior mesenteric plexus (plexus mesentericus superior)
    • ganglion mesentericum superius
  • abdominal aortic plexus (plexus aorticus abdominalis; aortic plexus)
  • inferior mesenteric plexus (plexus mesentericus inferior)
    • left colic
    • sigmoid plexuses
    • superior hemorrhoidal plexus
• Hypogastric plexus (Plexus Hypogastricus)
  • Pelvic plexuses

Страница 988

• Hypogastric plexus (Plexus Hypogastricus)
  • Middle hemorrhoidal plexus (plexus hæmorrhoidalis medius)
  • Vesical plexus (plexus vesicalis)
  • Prostatic plexus (plexus prostaticus)

Страница 989

• Hypogastric plexus (Plexus Hypogastricus)
  • lesser cavernous nerves (nn. cavernosi penis minores; small cavernous nerves)
  • greater cavernous nerve (n. cavernosus penis major; large cavernous plexus)
  • Vaginal plexus
  • Uterine plexus

Вижте също

• Анатомията на Грей
• Списък на темите и фигурите в Анатомията на Грей
• Списък на фигурите в Анатомията на Грей: IX. Неврология